- Topologies & network components (topology types such as bus, star, ring, cloud; components such as routers, gateways, switches & hubs)
- Transmission media (Wired - CU & Glass, Wireless - Wifi; Bluetooth & Light)
- Access methods (CSMA/CA & CSMA/CD)
- Network models (OSI model (Open Systems Interconnection) & TCP/IP stack)
- Network addressing (number systems, MAC & IP addresses (IPv4 & IPv6))
- Subnetting & addressing concepts (network creation & IP address ranges)
- Switching & routing (how it works)
- Network protocols (TCP-IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol), UDP, STP, ARP, LLDP/CDP, NTP, SNMP, ICMP, DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), DNS (Domain Name System), NAT (Network Address Translation))
- Wide area networks (network types: MAN, WAN, GAN, VPN)
- Encryption methods & network security (symmetric encryption, asymmetric encryption, AAA)
- Network design & concepts in the company (redundancies, network levels & security concepts)
